FROM DISCONTENT TO PROTEST: INDIVIDUAL-LEVEL CAUSES OF THE 1989 PRO-DEMOCRACY MOVEMENT IN CHINA |
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| Authors: | Zhu Jian-Hua; Rosen Stanley |
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| Institution: | University of Connecticut. His research interests include the impact of mass media on public opinion and political participation in democratic and nondemocratic societies.
University of Southern California. He specializes in contemporary Chinese politics and society, with particular emphasis on youth, women, and public opinion. |
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| Abstract: | Based on a secondary analysis of a survey involving more than2,500 urban working residents in China, this study tests severalindividual-level causes of protest behavior suggested by theresearch on protest in the West. The timing of the survey, justthree months before the 1989 massive upheaval in China, makesthe study especially valuable. Results from path analysis showthat age, education, and Communist Party membership have bothdirect and indirect impacts on protest, in an expected way.Income has only an indirect effect, whereas the impact of genderis not significant because the direct and indirect effects countereach other. Occupation does not make a difference. In addition,discontent with economic reforms, distrust in the government,aspirations for Western democracy, and disillusionment withCommunist ideology all significantly enhance protest behavior.Postmaterialist values, which contribute positively to politicalprotest in the West, play a suppressor role in China's context,which offers interesting implications for comparative researchon public opinion and political behavior. |
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