英汉职业委婉语探析

职业委婉语是指对社会地位相对卑微低下的职业及其从业人员的美称。英汉民族有不同的职业委婉语 ,蕴涵了英汉民族不同的文化心理价值观。职业价值差距、联想意义、礼貌原则三方面是职业委婉语产生的主要原因。常见的职业委婉语构成法有三种采用类比修饰法 ,将职业地位人为地拔高 ;运用宽泛模糊法 ,将具体事物抽象化 ;使用高雅的拉丁语后缀 ,从视觉上提高某些职业的身份。

Occupational Euphemisms in English and Chinese Languages

Occupational euphemism is the refined address for a profession and its practitioners that are considered of low social status. British and Chinese peoples use different occupational euphemisms that embody different values, ethics and cultural consciousness. Main causes of euphemism involve three aspects, i.e. disparities in the social status of different professions, associative meanings and the principles of politeness. Thereafter the paper sums up the common formation rules of occupational euphemism, including analog modification, applied to deliberately heighten the status of certain occupation; ambiguity, which abstracts explicit matters; Latin suffixes, applied to heighten some occupations visually.