社会网络对蕉农采纳资源节约型技术的影响机制——以水肥一体化技术为例

新的资源节约型技术在农户群体中的扩散是中国农业转向可持续性发展的关键,具备有限知识的农户在采纳资源节约型技术过程中势必受到其社会网络的重要影响。本文基于有限知识农户的假设,从理论上探讨了社会网络在不同维度对农户采用新的资源节约型技术的影响,以及农户技术认知在社会网络与农户技术采纳决策两者关联之间可能的中介作用;然后,以水肥一体化技术（DFS）为例,利用2019年广东、海南和云南3省632户香蕉种植农户调查数据,构建中介效应检验模型,实证分析农户社会网络、技术认知与DFS技术采纳决策之间的作用逻辑。研究表明：农户社会网络与技术认知可以显著促进农户在生产过程采纳资源节约型技术;且农户的社会网络可以弱化农户在新型技术上的认知差异,从而可能形成新的关于技术的群体认知,加强农户对资源节约型技术的采纳。具体地,社会网络的“倾向”和“互惠”可以改善农户关于技术转换梯度和技术认知嵌入度的感知,从而影响农户对资源节约型技术的采纳决策,而社会网络“范畴”会直接影响农户资源节约型技术的采纳决策,且这种影响在不同地区存在一定程度的异质性。

Mechanism of influence of social networks on banana farmers’ adoption of resource conservation technologies: A case study of the drip fertigation system

The diffusion of new resource conservation technologies among farmers is the key to the sustainable development of Chinese agriculture. Based on the hypothesis that farmers have limited knowledge, this study theoretically examined the impact of social networks on farmers’ adoption of new resource conservation technologies in different dimensions, and the possible mediating role of farmers’ technology cognition between social networks and farmers’ adoption decision of new resource conservation technologies. Taking the drip fertigation system (DFS) as a case and based on the survey data of 632 banana farmers in Guangdong, Hainan, and Yunnan Provinces, this study analyzed the mediating role of farmers’ technology cognition in bridging social networks and banana farmers’ adoption of the DFS. The results indicate that farmers’ social networks and technology cognition can significantly promote the adoption of new resource conservation technologies in production practices. Social networks can weaken farmers’ cognitive differences in new technologies, thus forming new group cognition about new technologies and strengthening farmers’ adoption of resource conservation technologies. Specifically, the “tendency” and “mutual help” of social networks can improve farmers’ perception of “technology transfer gradient” and “technology cognitive embeddedness”, thereby affecting farmers’ adoption decision of resource conservation technologies. However, the “scope” of social networks directly influences farmers’ adoption of resource conservation technologies, and this effect is heterogeneous in different regions.