大城市内部“生产-生活-生态空间”多尺度耦合协调度——以郑州市为例

城市“生产-生活-生态空间”的耦合协调发展是国土空间格局优化的重要基础。本文以郑州市为例,利用POI数据与随机森林模型精准识别2007年和2017年城市内部“生产-生活-生态空间”的分布特征,并运用定量模型多尺度分析“生产-生活-生态空间”的耦合协调度。结果表明：①整体结构特征上,郑州城市内部生态空间数量和所占比例均明显增加,生活空间所占比例相对稳定,生产空间的数量与所占比例变化波动较大。②辖区尺度上,郑州市“生产-生活-生态空间”耦合度不断提高,部分区域呈现出由拮抗时期向协调耦合时期的转化,协调度与耦合度存在一定的空间一致性。③街道尺度上,郑州市“生产-生活-生态空间”耦合度平均水平从磨合时期转为协调耦合时期,其空间差异明显减小,“生产-生活-生态空间”的协调度平均水平由中度失调转为基本协调,协调度水平明显提升。本文通过对城市内部“生产-生活-生态空间”耦合协调度的多尺度分析,旨在为城市层面不同尺度的国土空间规划提供理论参考。

Multi-scale analysis on the coupling coordination degree of production-living-ecological spaces in cities: A case study of Zhengzhou City

The coupling coordinated development of urban production-living-ecological spaces is an important basis for the optimization of territorial spatial pattern. Taking Zhengzhou City as an example, the point of interest (POI) data and random forest model were used to accurately identify the distribution characteristics of production-living-ecological spaces within the city between 2007 and 2017, and quantitative models were applied to analyze the coupling coordination degree of production-living-ecological spaces at multiple scales. The results show that: (1) With regard to the overall structural characteristics, the number and proportion of ecological spaces in Zhengzhou City increased significantly, the proportion of living spaces was relatively stable, and the number and proportion of production spaces fluctuated greatly. (2) At the scale of municipal districts, the coupling degree of production-living-ecological spaces had been continuously improved, and some regions showed the transformation from moderate level coupling to coordinated coupling. There is a certain spatial consistency between the coordination degree and the coupling degree. (3) At the scale of residential community, the average coupling degree of production-living-ecological spaces in Zhengzhou City changed from preliminary coupling to coordinated coupling type, and the spatial difference decreased significantly. The average coordination degree of production-living-ecological spaces changed from moderate incongruous to elementary coordination type, and the coordination degree improved significantly. Through the multi-scale analysis of the coupling coordination degree of production-living-ecological spaces within the city, this study provides a theoretical reference for territorial spatial planning on different scales at the city level.