孔、孟、荀历史哲学思想比较

孔子、孟子、荀子是先秦儒家历史哲学体系的缔造者。他们在各自建构的历史哲学学说中,由于对形而上＂天＂的认识不同,对历史评价标准的不同,对＂法先王＂与＂法后王＂认识的不同,出现了一定的差异性。然而与差异性相比,三者对历史中＂变＂与＂常＂的论述,对于＂圣人＂史观的认可,对历史循环论的恪守,又使得他们历史哲学思想中出现了更多的一致性。孔子、孟子、荀子共同奠基了近代之前儒家历史哲学体系的思维范式及历史认识方法论系统。不过,理论建构稍显粗糙,对形而上问题关注不够,多思辨,少分析与批判等问题,也成为了其理论学说中不可忽视的缺陷。

The Comparison of Historical Philosophy of Confucius, Mencius and Xun-zi

Confucius, Mencius and Xun-zi have built the system of historical philosophy of the Confucian school before Qin dynasty. In their doctrine, there are some differences as they had different apperceptions of the metaphysically ＂Heav- en＂, different appraisal criteria of history and different cognitions of ＂modeling after the ancient enlightened kings or the contemporary enlightened ones＂. But contrasting with the differences, there are many agreements in the discussions about the historic changes, the historic view of the sages and the historic cycles. Though the system of historical philosophy on the form of thinking and cognitive methodology of history have been built by them before the modem times, yet there are some defects in their theories, such as a little rough in their theory construct, lack of attention to the metaphysics, more specula- tive and less analysis and critics.