论神话原型批评

神话原型批评产生在1957年,创始人是加拿大学者诺思罗普·弗莱,他的著作《批评的剖析》被视为该批评的"圣经"。神话原型批评的理论基石是英国人类学家弗雷泽的"仪式派"人类学思想和瑞士心理学家荣格的"集体无意识"学说及原型理论。弗莱在弗雷泽和荣格等人的理论基础上建构起系统的神话原型批评,他认为文学是神话的位移,文学中潜藏着神话的原型,人们只要把全部文学纳入到一个完整的系统之后就可以找寻到神话原型。神话原型批评既有突出的优长之处,同时也有异常明显的缺陷。

Study of the Myth-archetypical Criticism

The myth-archetypical criticism was started from 1957 and the Canada researcher Northrop Frye is the representative of the mythos -archetypical criticism .And his work Anatomy of Criticism was regarded as Bible in this field .The＂Ceremony to Send＂of British anthropologist James Frazer and Switz-erland psychologist Carl Jung＇s ＂Collective Unconscious＂were thought to be the theoretical cornerstone of myth -archetypical criticism .Frye thought literature is another shape of myth .And the prototype of myth is latent in the literatures .Frye thought we can find out the prototype of myth once we organize all the lit-eratures into one system . T his article tells us the outstanding advantages and the obvious flaw s of the myth-archetypical criticism .