试论农村自杀的类型与逻辑

基于《中国农村村治模式实证研究丛书》中15个村的调查报告,可以对农村自杀的类型及其逻辑有个概览性认识。农村的自杀主要与家庭关系相关,根据不同的关系和特征可以将自杀划分为多种类型。农村自杀呈现出一些鲜明的时空特征。从空间上看,南方、北方和中部农村的自杀类型及其逻辑有所差异;从时间上看,30年来农村自杀的不同类型此消彼长,出现了一些巨变。农民自杀的时空特征,可以从农民价值的时空差异中获得理解。社会转型期,各种关系与价值调整所带来的种种不平衡和不适应,是农民自杀的主要原因。由于难以准确预测与农民价值相关的农村宗教的发展,目前还难以完全判断农村自杀的走向。

Category and Logic of Suicide in Rural China

Based on the survey of 15 villages in the book "Empirical Research Series of China Rural Governance′s Models",we can get a rough idea of category and logic of suicide in rural china.Suicide in rural areas is mainly related to family relationships and can be classified into several types according to different relationships and features.Suicide in rural areas presents bright temporal and spatial characteristics.From the perspective of space,suicide in north,south and middle villages have different categories and logics;from the perspective of time,different types have been antagonistic and changed greatly in the past 30 years.The temporal and spatial characteristics of suicide can be understood from the temporal and spatial varies of farmers′ values.The unbalance and maladjustment caused by adjustment of relationships and values in transition society is the mainly reason of farmers′ suicide.However,it is difficult to forecast the trend of rural suicide because of the difficulty to forecast the development of rural religion related to the farmer′s values.