司马迁对先秦人本思想的继承与发展

我国先秦时期的人本思想突出体现在周代"敬德保民"的民本思想和以儒家为代表的先秦诸子对民本思想的进一步阐述以及对人性的探讨上。司马迁以史家的方式继承了先秦时期的人本思想,开创了以人为中心来审视历史变迁的纪传体史学。在《史记》中,司马迁从人的生存需求和生存价值出发,寻求普遍的人性,看到了人的自然性和社会性之间的一致性,看到了各类人物在社会中的不同表现、人格和作用,从而进一步丰富和发展了先秦时期的人本思想。

On Sima Qian''''s Continuation and Development of the Humanistic Idea in Pre - Qin Period

The humanistic idea in pre-Qin period mainly embodies two parts.One is respecting morality and protecting people in the Zhou Dynasty,and the other is the further development to human nature of various schools of thought and their components represented by the Confucians in the pre-Qin period.Sima Qian carried on the humanistic idea of the pre-Qin period,and opened up the human-oriented discipline of historiography to scrutinize historical changes.In "Historical Records ",Sima Qian found the consistency between the people's natural nature and social nature from the point of view of people's survival demand and survival values,and found the values of all kinds of personages and historic significance,thus further enriched and developed the humanistic idea of the pre-Qin period.