安徽农业资源投入的增产效果分析

农业生产中实际投入的具体资源及形成的产出均不单一，在缺少产出与特定资源对应数据的条件下，为方便讨论，一种可行之法是用几何意义清楚、又相对简便的TOPSIS法对多种产出进行综合；将其与资源的“边际投入量”结合，可以较清晰地了解种植业中人工添加资源的利用状况。用此方法探讨和分析安徽各市种植业的资源利用状态，结果显示，资源利用存在3种状态：可以继续追加资源投入以提高产出；不必追加资源仍可提高产出；不宜再用追加资源的办法来提高产出。前两种资源利用状态相对合理，尤其不必追加资源仍可增产正符合资源节约型农业的要求，是农业可持续发展需要的资源利用状态；相比之下，不宜再追加资源则意味着当地种植业已到了转变生产方式的时候。

The Effects of Agricultural Resources Input on Yield Increasing in Anhui Province

In order to seek for the reasons restricting the utilization efficiency of the agricultural resources and to realize the resources’optimum distribution,it is necessary to understand the effect of resource input on output increase and to estimate whether or not the resource utilization is reasonable.In agricultural production,the actual input resources and the output are various.In order to compare and discuss the relation between the input of specific resources and various output,we adopted the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution(TOPSIS) method,which has unambiguous geometric meaning and is simple and convenient to integrate the various outputs.And then we combined the marginal input quantity of specific resources with the TOPSIS method,which makes it clear to understand the utilization states of the man-made auxiliary resources in agriculture production.There are three states of resource utilization:1)The integrated output may be increased by increasing the resource input;2)The integrated output can still be increased without increasing the resource input;3)It is not proper to increase the integrated output by increasing the resource input.The former two states are comparatively reasonable.The second state is especially fit the needs of saving resources in agriculture production and the requirement of sustainable agricultural development.By contrast with the former two states,the third state means that it is the right time to change the mode of local agricultural production.Using the data in Anhui statistical yearbook 2003 and 2009 and the above methods,we also studied the effect of resource input on output increase in agriculture production of Anhui province.The results indicate that from the perspective of the effect of resource input in specific area,increasing the resource input brings the increase of integrated agriculture output in Bozhou,Lu’an,Wuhu,Chizhou and Huangshan,but negative increase in Hefei,Huaibei,Suzhou,Bengbu,Fuyang,Xuancheng and Tongling.From the perspective of resource input,the marginal utilization efficiencies of irrigation,chemical fertilizer,agricultural pesticide and the control of soil erosion are higher and the utilization states of these resources in most areas of Anhui accord with the former two states.However,the marginal utilization efficiencies of agricultural machinery,electricity consumption,the irrigated area with saved water and the plastic films for farm use are lower and the utilization states of these resources accord with the third state.