夏夷之辨观念的嬗变及其时代特征

肇如于春秋时期的夏夷之辨，其主流观念是以文野区夏夷，而是否认同和践行华夏之礼又是夏夷文野之分的主要标准和“用夏变夷”的主要内涵。同时，历史上因夏夷对峙、冲突的政治形势而产生的夏夷人禽之别、内外之分等观念，往往带有非理性、非文化意蕴，从而使夏夷之辨呈现出进步与保守、开放与封闭并存的时代特征。

The evolution and the zeitgeist of the notion of the difference between Chinese and barbarians

The notion of the difference between Chinese and barbarians (or Yi, the ancient name for tribes in the east of China), which started from the Spring and Autum Period,is to to distinguish them according to being civilized or uncivilized. And that the Chinese rite was practiced or not Used to be the main criterior to distinguish Chinese and barbarians, being civilized from uncivilized and the main connotation of assimilating barbarians with Chinese civilization. On the other hand, the ideas of the difference between Chinese and barbarians, human beings and beasts, interior and exterior produced from the political situation of the confrontation and conflict between Chinese and barbarians in the history usually had unrational and un-cultural implication, which made the difference between Chinese and barbarians present the epoch characteristics of being progressive and conservative,open and occluded at the same time.