中国农村教育现代化的价值取向与道路选择

自"五四"运动以来,中国农村教育现代化主要存在着两种价值取向,即以农村教育为中心的农本主义价值取向和以城市为中心的城本主义价值取向,与之相对的是农村教育中心化和农村教育边缘化的两条发展道路。较为典型的就是,20世纪二三十年代的乡村教育运动和改革开放后的农村教育现代化。不论是"农村教育中心化"道路还是"农村教育边缘化"道路,都有其不容忽视的弊端。我国农村的教育现代化应采取"和而不同"的第三条发展道路,就是既要公平地对待农村教育,用与城市教育相同的水准来要求与发展农村教育,以给农村教育创造平等的发展机会,也要从农村的实际出发,符合农村社会发展的需要,尊重农村教育的特性,使"农村教育"更像"农村教育"。

The Value Orientation and Way Selection for Rural Education Modernization in China

Since the May 4th Movement, there have been existing two value orientations in rural education modernization: rural education-centered and urban-centered, and accordingly two ways taken are rural education centralization and marginalization, which were typical of rural education movement in the 1920s to 30s and rural education modernization after reform and opening-up, and which have their own disadvantages. So another way of development is preferable, that is, "harmonious but distinctive", which indicates equity between rural and urban education and make "rural education" more like "rural education" from the rural reality, development and characteristics.