山东省工业企业与粤苏浙创新差距和对策研究——基于2014年全国企业创新调查数据

工业企业创新是企业创新的核心部分。本文采用2014年全国企业创新调查数据,对鲁粤苏浙四省规模以上工业企业的创新情况进行了较为细致的对比研究。结果表明,山东省工业企业在创新产出方面与其他三省的差距远超出预期,尤其是更能代表专利技术含量的拥有发明专利数以及代表高端竞争能力的国际新产品销售收入等指标差距更甚,与传统印象里山东省作为制造业大省、创新资源大省的地位是不相符的。这一结果产生的原因,与山东省工业企业整体创新活跃度偏低、创新投入强度不高有密切关系,而究其深层次原因,应与山东省产业结构中传统产业所占比重偏高,小型企业创新意愿、创新资源和创新产出方面的不足等有关。此外,人才短缺和流失、创新成本过高、缺乏风险投资、技术和市场信息渠道不畅等因素也对山东省工业企业的创新造成了不利影响。针对上述问题,本文从五个方面提出了提高山东省工业企业创新能力的对策措施。

The Innovation Gap and Countermeasure Study of Industrial Enterprises in Shandong,Guangdong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang Province:Based on the National Enterprise Innovation Survey Data for 2014

Industrial enterprise innovation is the core part of enterprise innovation. This paper use the national enterprise innovation survey data for 2014 to make a detail contrastive study of the enterprise innovation situation among Shandong、Guangdong、Jiangsu and Zhejiang Province. The result shows that the gap of industrial enterprise output between Shandong and other provinces is far greater than thought,especially the gap between the invention patents represent advance technology and international new product sales incomes which represent high-end competition ability is ever more wider, this is inconsistent with the traditional impression of Shandong to be as a manufacturing province and large province of new resources status. The result closely related to industrial enterprises innovation inactivity and low intensity innovation investment, the underlying reason is traditional industries occupied high proportion of industrial structure, innovation will, innovation resource and innovation output in small enterprises are inadequate. In addition, the lack and loss of talent, high innovation cost, the lack of venture capital, poor channels of technology and market information and other factors also had a negative impact on industrial enterprise innovation in Shandong province. Based on above issues, this paper put forward some countermeasures to improve the innovation ability of industrial enterprise in Shandong province in five aspects.