基于SIPO专利的产学研合作模式及其合作网络结构演化研究——以ICT产业为例

以我国ICT领域产学研联合申请的SIPO授权专利为样本,按照专利申请人(专利权人)的组织类型区分产学研合作模式,首先从宏观上分析比较我国ICT产业产学研合作模式的演进路径;然后利用社会网络分析方法从微观上研究产学研合作网络整体结构及其时空演化,进而对产学研合作深度、广度及效率等进行分析。研究结果表明:我国ICT产业的创新主体已由大学转变为企业,产学研合作模式经历了由以大学、研究所为核心的合作模式到以企业为主导的合作模式的转变。产学研合作网络呈逐渐增大趋势,且整体上表现出较明显的核心—边缘结构。网络集聚程度较低,但网络连接效率较高。说明我国ICT产业中参与合作研发的大学、研究所、企业数量日益增多,知识转移效率较高的产学研合作网络已形成,这为充分调动各创新主体的积极性,开展更加广泛、紧密、深入的合作奠定了良好基础。

Analysis on the Evolution of Patterns and Network Structure for Industry-University-Research Institute Cooperation in the Chinese ICT Industry Based on SIPO Patents

Taken co-applied patents granted in the State Intellectual Property Office of the People's Republic of China (SIPO) as the sample, the industry-university-research institute (I-U-R) cooperation patterns are defined in the Chinese ICT industry based on the characteristics of organization types of the assignees. The evolutionary paths of I-U-R cooperation are captured at macro level, and at the micro level the general properties of industry-university-research institute (I-U-R) network structure are explored by the social network analysis approach to further understand the breadth and depth of I-U-R cooperation. It shows that the main body of technological innovation has been transferred from universities to enterprises. The dominated I-U-R cooperation pattern has been transferred from U-R-centered pattern to I-centered pattern. The scales of the I-U-R cooperation networks have been increasing, and the core-periphery structure also shown. The network connective efficiency is higher while the network cohesion is lower. It indicates that the universities, enterprises and research institutes participated in I-U-R collaboration have been increasing. The network of highly efficiency in knowledge transfer has been formed, which will provide a good foundation for the further wide, close and in-depth I-U-R cooperation.