山东省某市民办教育发展的经济学分析

通过对山东省某市民办教育发展状况的调查分析发现,民办教育是在市场供求机制作用下产生的,并且其发展水平与政府的相关政策有一定的关联性.在政府没有提供直接财政资助的条件下,民办教育间接地利用了公立教育系统的人力和声誉资源,吸引和接收了部分学生,帮助政府解决了公共教育经费短缺的部分问题.民办教育已经发展成为整个教育系统的一个组成部分,满足了社会多样化的教育需求.在教育分层格局下,学业成绩和学费成为学生赖以选择学校的两种资本,也是学校挑选学生的衡量指标.从两所案例民办学校经费收支情况看,学费收入大于经常性支出,有一定的经费节余,但是如果将建校成本、贷款和其他债务考虑进去,民办学校难以在短期内全面实现盈余.政策制定者应该从教育选择、入学机会、教学效果、教学效率、公平和社会凝聚力等多个维度,衡量和评价发展民办教育的社会效果.

The Economic Analysis of Non-government Education Development in TZ City of Shandong Province

By investigating case schools in a city of Shandong Province, we find that non-government education developed quickly in a market context and is promoted by local favorable policy. Without any direct investment from the government, non-government education utilizes indirect resources from public schools in the form of personnel and reputation. It attracts a proportion of students and eases the insufficient public funding. As an integral part of the whole education system, non-government education satisfies diverse social needs. In a stratified system,academic achievement and tuition fees are two capitals that students can employ to make their schooling choices and schools can employ to select students. By analyzing two case non-government schools, it is found that net profit is produced because fee revenue outnumbers recurrent cost. However, non-government schools cannot achieve overall profit if construction cost,loan and debt are taken into account. Policy makers should evaluate non-government education in terms of school choice,teaching effectiveness,efficiency,equity and social cohesion.