市域生态功能区划与可持续发展研究

生态功能区划通过揭示生态系统空间分异规律,对生态地域和生态单元进行划分和合并.作为生态系统和自然资源合理管理及持续利用的基础,生态功能区划的根本目的是服务于区域可持续发展.本文结合深圳的实例,对城市区域生态功能区划的依据、原则进行初步探讨,在此基础上提出深圳市生态功能区划方案.将深圳市划分为3个区:经济文化密集区,生态协调区,生态支持区;其中生态协调区包括西部沿海农工协调亚区、西部水源山体保护亚区、中部物流-水土保持亚区、东部产业-山水协调亚区等四个亚区,生态支持区包括生态脆弱型支持功能亚区和生态敏感型支持功能亚区.最后,文章分析了各功能区在市域可持续发展中的地位、作用,指出各区协调发展的途径.

Urban Ecological Regionalization and Sustainable Development:a Case Study of Shenzhen,Guandong Province

As the increasingly urbanization has brought masses of ecological and environmental problems,the approach of sustainable development is becoming the most interest of all the concerned researchers. Regionalizing with different ecological functions and putting forward development plan adaptively is an effective method to coordinate the contradiction between development and environmental conservation and keep the region sustainable. The aim of this paper is to discuss the principles of dividing the region into units with different functions and to promote a framework for applying the ecological regionalization into urban sustainable development plan. This is demonstrated in a case study in the urban region of Shenzhen ((1 952 km~2)), which is one of the fastest growing areas in China. The great changes in the regional landscape due to the dramatic economic growth have caused many ecological and land use problems. Ecological regionalization is one of the available methods in resolving the conflict between urban development and the capacity of environmental resources. Three appropriate principles for the ecological regionalization are identified on the basis of the characteristics of both physical environment and human activities. The principles indicate that the dominant landscape functions, spatial differences of natural elements and intensity of human activity are the three key factors in regionalizing ecological units. According to these principles, the ecological zoning scheme of Shenzhen comes out with three major units: economy/cultural leading zone, environmental regulating zone and ecological supporting zone. Each of the zones has respective primary function of economic/cultural supporting, environmental maintenance and environmental regulating. The ecological regulating zone is further divided into four sections with miner functional differences caused by the physical geography elements. And the ecological supporting zone is divided into two sections for the differences in developmental degree. Thereafter, the authors analyze each unit by its functions and illustrate the way to achieve urban sustainable development. The strategy in obtaining the harmonious development of all the units emphasize that the land use and industry should be deliberatively arranged to coincide with the rolls of the units in the entire region.