青海省R&D活动投入效率评价及影响机制

在分析青海省R&D活动总量及结构现状和存在问题基础上,采用基于数据包络分析(DEA)的CCR模型和Malmquist生产率指数,对2000-2017年青海省R&D活动的静态投入效率和动态投入效率进行测算评价,且考察青海省R&D活动投入效率的影响机制.研究发现:青海省R&D活动投入效率总体偏低,在西北5省区及国内30个省份处于下游水平;从静态投入效率看,综合效率和规模效率均较低,纯技术效率相对有效,规模效益处于规模递增状态;从动态投入效率看,技术进步缓慢和技术效率改善不明显拖累了全要素生产率增长;研发人员、对外开放和创新环境指标水平提升显著促进青海省R&D活动投入效率提升,但研发经费和政府支持对青海省R&D活动投入效率提升作用不显著.研究结论时青海省科技发展的政策含义包括应充分发挥政府资金引导作用,加强人才引进和培育力度,积极促进科技成果吸收转化,以及营造高质量科技创新环境等.

Evaluation and Influencing Mechanism of R D Input Efficiencyin Qinghai Province

Based on the analysis of the total amount and structure of R D activities in Qinghai Province and the existing problems, the paper evaluates the static and dynamic R D input efficiency from 2000 to 2017 useing the CCR model and Malmquist productivity index, and investigates the influencing mechanism of R D input efficiency. The paper finds that from the perspective of static R D input efficiency, the comprehensive efficiency and scale efficiency of R D activities are relatively low, the pure technical efficiency is relatively effective, and the scale efficiency is in the state of increasing scale; from the perspective of dynamic R D input efficiency, slow technological progress and poor technological efficiency have slowed down the growth of total factor productivity; R D input efficiency is generally low, which is at the downstream level in the five northwest provinces and regions and the whole country; R D personnel, opening up and innovation environment significantly promote R D input efficiency. Due to the serious low investment of R D funds, the intensity of R D funds is significantly lower than the national average level, and the government"s support for R D activities is low, and the proportion of S T funds in the total financial expenditure is very small, which leads to the fact that R D funds and government support have no significant effect on improving R D input efficiency.