客家乡村的降童信仰调查——以宁化县的女童子坛及醮会为例

降童是民间信仰中的法技之一,在传统社会中的一些道教派别及巫教中均很常见,有学者认为这种习俗已随着社会的进步而消失。本文利用鲜活的田野调查资料,叙述了乡民对一个女童子的信仰及其道士在坛堂举行的一场童子醮过程,藉此说明降童习俗在广大乡间并未随着经济发展、医学进步、科技发达与民众教育的普及而消失,相反在一些客家乡村仍然十分盛行。

Belief Survey of Hakka Village Mediums Take Ninghua county woman medium altar and Jiao as examples

Mediums （Jiangtong） is the folk belief in witch technology. In the traditional society, some Taoist fac- tions and witch were very common. Some scholars think that this custom has vanished with the progress of the socie- ty. This paper uses fresh fieldwork, describing the villagers in woman medium beliefs and the process of helding a medium Jiao at the Taoist altar, This paper analyzes that this conomy, progress in medicine, science and technology and prevails in some Hakka villages custom has not disappear with the development of e- popular education popularization. In contrast, it still