基于民间创新的微型企业创新的产生与扩散轨迹

微型企业多是＂穷人＂的企业,大量存在的微型企业为扩大就业和处境困难的家庭提供了主要经济保障。微型企业在创业过程中,为了生存而创新,这构成了全民创新的重要基础力量。杨焕志的创新案例启示我们：微型企业的创新是创业过程中的自然选择,竞争是其创新的主动力,客户在其中扮演着创新发起者和扩散者的角色。但是,微型企业的创新多为被动创新,受当地微环境、企业主自身素质影响很大。由于微型企业缺乏营销能力,因此创新扩散往往不足,渠道单一。为此,应将微型企业从中小企业中甄别出来,从扩大就业、反贫困角度促进微型企业发展,并藉此促进其创新能力的提升;另外,还要有相应的机制建设,促进微型企业创新的商业化扩散和社会化扩散。

Tracing Creation and Diffusion of Private Innovation of Micro-Enterprises

Many Micro-enterprises—mostly for ＂poor people＂—provide economic security for employment and families in difficult circumstances.They innovate in order to survive and constitute an important force for national innovation.The Yang Huan-zhi case indicates that innovation,for micro-enterprises,is a process of natural selection,in which competition is the initiative of innovations.Customers play a role in initiating and diffusing innovations.However,micro-enterprise innovation is mostly passive and restricted with the local micro-environment and the business owner＇s quality.Because of inadequate marketing ability,macro-enterprises are short of multiple channels of innovative diffusion.The study suggests that we should distinguish micro-enterprises from small and medium enterprises;we should promote micro-enterprise development in employment expansion and fight against poverty so as to improve their innovative ability;we should build appropriate mechanisms to promote commercialized and socialized diffusion of macro-enterprise innovations.