吴稚晖旅欧时期的教育思想浅析

吴稚晖在旅欧时期由于受西方近代社会思潮、尤其是无政府主义的深刻影响,使他把教育看作是一个国家盛衰的“总因”,认为配称教育二字者只是科学工艺,近代中国的落后挨打就在于科学工艺发展的迟滞。在批判国内旧式教育的同时,他编报印书,普及科学常识以提高国民素质,鼓吹科学工艺以倡导青年劳作。特别是他创造性发起的留法俭学运动和创办海外中国大学,为近代中国培养了一大批急需的高科技人才,在近代中国教育史、中外文化交流史上写下了光辉的一页。

A Study on Wu Zhi-hui's Scientific Thoughts of Education in the Early Stage of the 20th Century

In Wu's point of view in that period of time, it was the education that resulted in the "whole reason" of a nation's prosperity and decline. Only scientific technology can be qualified to be under the title of education. The reason that modern China fell behind is the slow development of its scientific technology. While criticizing the domestic old model education, Wu Zhi-hui edited newspapers and published books in order to popularize scientific common knowledge to improve national quality. He advocated scientific technology in the work of young people. It was he who creatively sponsored the movement of study in France with work-study program and who established overseas Chinese colleges, which had trained a large number of high-tech qualified personnel for modern China. It has remained a glorious page in the educational history of modern China and the history of cultural communications between China and abroad.