论日本传统“家”制度的形成

日本传统“家”制度从大化革新前后开始萌生，到近世基本形成，并于1898年经“明治民法”得以确立。其问经历了漫长的社会历史变迁。家，作为社会构成的基本单住，在经历了早期的“氏族”、“乡户”，中世的“名主”、“族”等形式后，终于在近世发展成了独具日本特色的“家”。随着家形态的变化，日本传统的“家”制度也逐渐确立，最终形成了以家督继承制为核心，以父权家长制为基本特征，以模拟血缘关系为依存的典型的日本家族制度。

Establishment of Japanese Traditional Family System

The estabhshment of Japanese traditional family system has experienced a long social history vicissitude. The family, as the fundamental unit of the society, developed into the Japanese characteristic family after clanship and household system of the early times, headman and clan of the middle ages. With the change of family form, the Japanese traditional family system, with the inheriting system as the core, father right system as the basic characteristics and simulated consanguinity as the dependence, has been established gradually.