“双减”政策背景下青少年体育培训业高质量发展的实践模式与推进策略

采用文献资料法、田野调查法、专家访谈法,探讨“双减”政策背景下青少年体育培训业高质量发展的理论内涵、价值转向、现实困境、运行模式和推进策略。研究显示:“双减”政策背景下青少年体育培训业在管理维度由教育部门向体育部门转变、时间维度由学科培训向体育培训转向、空间维度由学科培训场域向体育场馆场域转向、经济维度由教育培训业向体育培训业转向、社会维度由成绩资本向健康资本转向;现实困境表现在行政壁垒阻碍相关政策执行效率、监管主体缺失导致市场监管乏力、标准缺失阻滞体育培训规范化运营、师资薄弱遏制体育培训供给服务质量、坪效不高降低体育培训运营效率五个方面;青少年体育培训业创新可探索线上+线下结合的中高考体育培训、体育+学校结合的青少年体育俱乐部、校内+校外结合的社会体育组织进校园、教育+体育结合的购买第三方服务、体育+社会结合的体育培训公益配送、社区+体育结合的社区公益培训、学校+体校结合的体教融合等多种运行模式;提出了围绕体育场馆为中心开展注册普查、赋权体育单项协会出台评价体系、授权体育部门成立培训市场监管处、建立培训市场准入负面清单制度、构建家校社培训共同体、赋能体育培训业数字化转型等六项推进策略。

Practice Mode and Promotion Strategy of High Quality Development of Youth Sports Training Industry Under Background of “Double Reduction” Policy

Through literature study, field investigation and expert interview, this paper discussed the theoretical meanings, value orientation, practical difficulties, operation mode and promotion strategy of the high quality development of youth sports training under the background of the “double reduction” policy. It was shown that the youth sports training industry in the context of the “double reduction” policy had shifted from the education sectors to the sports sectors, from the academic learning to the sports training, from the learning classrooms to the sports venues, from the education training industry to the sports training industry, and from focuses on the academic performances to the health. Practical difficulties were reflected in administrative barriers hindering the implementation efficiency of the relevant policies, the lack of supervision subjects leading to weak market supervision, the lack of standards limiting the standardized operation of the sports training, lack of sufficient and qualified teachers affecting the quality of sports training, and the lack of supervision reducing the operation efficiency of sports training. Under the background of “double reduction” policy, the youth sports training industry explored various operation modes such as online+offline sports training for middle school and high college entrance exams, sports+school youth sports clubs, campus+off-campus social sports organizations, purchase of third-party education+sports services, public welfare sports training through sports+society, community welfare training combining community+sports, integration of sports and education through school+sports. Strategies included carrying out a registration census centering on sports venues, empowering individual sports associations to introduce an evaluation system, authorizing sports departments to establish training market supervision department, establishing a negative list system of training market access, building a home-school-social training community, and enabling digital transformation of sports training industry.