近代中俄贸易格局的转变及新疆市场与内地市场的分离

近代前后,中俄贸易格局发生了重大变化,由北方的一口通商变成了西部边境和东部沿海多口岸通商伪格局.随着这一格局的转变,蒙古地区的恰克图和新疆地区的对俄贸易经历了一个兴衰与变迁的过程.这一过程间接反映了中俄两国关系在近代的变化,也反映了新疆地区在对俄依附性经济形成中,俄国资本主义殖民经济对中国国内市场统一趋势的瓦解作用,以及最终导致的新疆市场与内地市场的分离.

The modern change of the pattern of foreign trade with Russia and the seperation of Xinjiang's market from domestic market

Since 16th century, Russia began its westward expansion. Up to the 18th century, it had became a neighboring country of China. During the time of the Ching Dynasty, the trade between China and Russia began to prosper and two trade routes had been formed between China and the European part of Russia. These two routes are: the one route through Qiaketu in Mongolia and Siberia, and the other via Xinjiang and Middle Asia. The trade and commercial activities on these two routes lasted for nearly 200 years, throughout the time of Ching Dynasty. The rise and fall of these activities not only reflects the changing relationship between two countries but also shows the role played by the characteristics of regional economy.