变重力场中理想气体的位能循环及热功转化

重力场中密闭于刚性容器中的气体密度随高度减小，且气体的气体密度分布及总位能随重力的变化而变化．从理论上来看，可通过增、减重力加速度使密闭容器中的气体位能实现循环，通过此循环还可实现“热——功”转化，此类“热——功”转化的循环有别于传统的卡诺循环。变重力场中理想气体的位能循环导致的“热——功”转化效率计算不能直接应用卡诺定理，笔者分析了在可逆过程中此类循环的效率及熵变计算方法。

The Cycle of Gravitational Potential Energy for Gas within Alternating Gravitational Field and Entropy Reduction

In gravitational field, the density distribution of the gas confined in a container varies with the change of gravitational acceleration. Accordingly, the gravitational potential energy of the restricted gas will alternate when the gravitational acceleration fluctuates. Such procedure of gas within alternating gravitational field can produce mechanical energy in a cycle way. The author argued that this gravity cycle of gas, termed ＂potential energy cycle＂ , can convert heat energy into mechanical energy in a isothermal way. Transforming of heat-mechanical energy in this produce does not depend on two heat reserviors of different temperature, revea are not universal. Because the efficiency formula applied in Carnot Cycle can ng that the Carnot Theorem and the second law of thermodynamics not be directly used to this cycle, the efficiency of this potential energy cycle is analysed with a reversible process of ideal gas.