运动与病毒性感染疾病的关系

一次力竭性运动或持续超大强度训练均可增加机体上呼吸道感染和其他病毒性感染的易感性,但不影响机体对细菌性感染的抵抗力。大强度训练对T细胞-白细胞介素-NK细胞系统具有抑制效应,且效应可持续1周以上。相反,适度训练则能增强免疫功能。鉴于急性病毒感染对运动能力和精神面貌的负性影响,加之伴随病毒性心肌炎而偶发的急性死亡事件,所以应尽量降低运动员病毒性感染的发生率。坚持预防注射程序、减少感染暴露、避免超大强度训练、保证合理饮食、减轻心理和环境压力等,都是可采用的措施。

Infection of the upper respiratory tract of athletes

Any exhausted sports and continuous intensive training will increase the probability to be infected by infection of the upper respiratory tract or other diseases but without lowering the body's power of resistance against diseases.Intensive training produces a restraining result for T cells,white cells and NK cells system,which lasts for more than a week.On the contrary,moderate training can strengthen the immune function.Since acute disease infection has a bad infect on athletes' sports ability and vigor and sudden deaths occasionally happen together with disease myocarditis,the rate of athletes' disease infection must be controlled as low as possible.The adoptable measures can be keeping on preventive injections,decreasing exposure to infection,avoiding intensive training,guaranteeing reasonable diet,alleviating mental and environmental supress and so on.