社会互依性理论的发展及教育意义

社会互依性理论是理论、研究和实践良好结合的范例 ,主要研究人们在合作性或竞争性互依时的行动效率、内在心理过程、互动方式及其结局。本文分析了社会互依性理论的发展脉络与框架内涵。讨论了戴维·约翰逊提出的团队背景下的积极互依、个体职责、促进式互动、社交技能、组进程、竞争与努力条件等合作学习的关键要素。提出学校教育应从知情意行入手 ,通过开展合作性学习、倡导学习型团队 ,教会学生建构性地管理和解决冲突 ,减少消极互动和不良行为 ,促进心身健康。

The development of social interdependence theory and its educational significance

As a classical example of integration among theory, research and practice, social interdependence theory mainly explores human action effects, internal psychological processes, interaction patterns, and outcomes when confronting cooperative or competitive interdependence situation. This paper analyses the development of social interdependence theory and its connotation, and discusses relevant key elements of cooperative learning, suggested by David W. Johnson, involving positive interdependence, individual accountability, promotive interaction, appropriate use of social skill, group processing, conditions for constructive competition and individualistic efforts. Starting with cognitive, emotional, will and behavioral perspectives, students are taught how to manage and resolve conflicts constructively, reduce negative interactions and poor behaviors, as well as promote their psychosomatic health levels through implementation of cooperative learning and learning team.