制度分析与国家助学贷款的政策反思

国家助学贷款是发展我国高等教育的一项重要制度，无疑应该加强其制度建设。但由于认识的偏差，我国国家助学贷款的实践与理论形成了强大的反差，所引起的问题更令人关注。放眼于新制度经济学的理论研究，尝试对制度有全新的解读，在此基础上理解国家助学贷款的制度建设，是我们政策分析的基础，也是制度建设的起点。作为建设性反思，本文提出了开发家庭及生源地贷款制度、完善学生减免制度、强化银行责任制度、建立国家担保制度四点制度建设。

Institutional Analysis and the State Policy for Student Loans

There is no doubt for our country to promote higher education by reinforcing the State Student Loans. But owing to some misunderstanding, there is a great different between the theory and its practice. This paper proposes some suggestions to explore the State Student Loans, such as how to waive some students' loans, how to strengthen the responsibility of banks, how to establish state avouch for banks, etc.