环境政策工具组合、环境技术创新与绩效

市场型环境政策工具与命令控制型工具往往相互结合起来共同影响企业环境创新行为乃至企业绩效，因此有必要验证市场激励型与命令控制型工具的组合对环境创新和企业绩效的影响。应用调查问卷数据建立完整的模型，采用多元回归分析研究了环境政策工具及其交互项对环境技术创新和企业绩效的影响。与以往大多数产业层面的环境规制及其效应研究不同，本研究充分考虑了企业环境管理水平和管理者环境意识等变量从而降低了遗漏变量偏差。研究表明，命令控制型政策有利于企业环境技术创新，部分市场激励型环境政策工具如排污收费制度对企业环境技术创新具有正向影响。命令控制型政策工具和排污收费制度、政府补贴的交互项有利于企业环境产品创新和工艺创新，并促进企业绩效。环境产品创新和工艺创新在环境政策对企业绩效的影响中发挥完全中介作用。环境工艺创新在环境政策对企业环境绩效的影响中发挥完全中介作用。

The Interaction of Regulation Policy Instruments,Environmental Technological Innovation and Performance: Evidence from Firms in China

This article provides new evidence on the role of market-based regulations and command-and-control regulations in relation to environmental innovations and economical and environmental performance of the firms in China. While policymakers have often merged the market-based approaches onto the non-market based regulations, it is sensible and essential to consider the interaction of the two types of regulations and its effects on the environmental technological innovation and firm performance. Using a unique firm survey data this article studies the effects of the two kinds of environmental regulations on firm’s environmental technological innovation and the performance of the firm and their interaction effects. Unlike the previous studies that are typically conducted at the industry level, I would like to take firm heterogeneity into account, and thereby reduce the common problem of omitted variable bias in this analysis. I empirically test the strong and significant effects on environmental technological innovation and firms’ economic and environmental performances from regulations and their interactive effects and the mediation effects of environmental technological innovation between regulations and the performances of the firms.