自娱：李渔的创作心态及文学功能观

注重自娱是李渔创作心态特色之一，并衍生出独特的学功能观：强调舒张思想个性、自由展示才情、追求自我快适而无须虑及学外在价值。在其诗歌创作与戏曲创作中表现得尤其突出，而又各各不同：诗歌创作关注自我适意而轻视外在规范、外在功能；戏曲创作则偏尚想像移情、舒郁解愠等情感层面的行之乐，以及由艺术技巧的纯熟而带来的理性喜悦。李渔重自娱的学观念与晚明人的人生态度及创作态度一脉相传，而与传统的学功能观背道而驰。

Self-amusement: Li Yu's Writing Psychology and Literary Functional Views

Self amusement is one of the features of Li Yu's writing psychology, from which was also derived his literary functional views that emphasize individualism in thinking, free expression of emotions and talents, and seeking self pleasure without concerning the external value. Such views were represented remarkably in his poetry and drama writing in particular, but varied to some extent in his works. In his poetry writing self pleasure is much focused to the ignorance of the external conventions and functions; whereas in his drama and play writing imagination and empathy as well as self alleviation is much emphasized at the emotional level, and along with which is the rational pleasure brought about by the expertise in the artistic techniques. Li Yu's emphasis on self amusement is much coherent with the attitudes of life and literary writing of the scholars in the late Ming dynasty, but contradictory to the traditional literary functionalism.