东晋南朝定都建康述论

西晋灭亡之后,东晋、宋、齐、梁、陈五朝相继定都建康,二百七十余年间仅梁元帝都于江陵三年。建康之所以成为东晋南朝的政治中心,不仅由于它在地形、经济、交通等方面具备了建都的基本条件,更由于它在南方政权的整体局势中具有多方优势。孙吴建都的历史留予建康丰厚的都城资源,而建康的攻守形势又充分符合东晋对于都城的需求。由此,建康的战略地位使其再度成为南方政权的中心,并在东晋南朝的递嬗中巩固了它作为都城的正统地位。

The Reasons Why East Jin and Southern Dynasties Established Jiankang as the Capital

After the fall of West Jin, Jiankang was chosen as the capital successively by five dynasties, namely, East Jin, Song, Qi, Liang and Chen. In this period of 270 years, only Emperor Yuan of the Liang Dynasty moved to Jiangling and stayed there for three years. Jiankang's advantages in terrain, economy and transportation, which were the basic conditions of establishing a capital, contributed to its strategic importance. Furthermore, it had predominance in many aspects in the Southern regime. All these factors made Jiankang the political center at that time. Jiankang was endowed with rich resources due to its history as Sun Wu's capital, and Jiankang's situation of attack and defense satisfied the demand of East Jin. Therefore, Jiankang became the center of the Southern regime once again because of its strategic position, and consolidated its legitimate status as the capital in the supersession of East Jin and Southern Dynasties.