试论科学教育中内容目标与过程目标的融合

过程目标与内容目标是课程目标的两个方面,因此在教学中应将两者相融合.这既是科学知识及其方法的认识本身是一个过程在科学教育中的反映,也是培养创新人才的时代要求,以及一般问题解决策略研究和教学实践的经验教训对科学教育的启示.融合的策略是：1.制定与内容标准相对应的过程标准;2.构建内容与过程相结合的教科书体系;3.结合实际制定具体的内容与过程目标,并创设学生积极参与学习活动的教学氛围,让学生建构知识的意义;4.建立结果评价与过程评价并重的评价机制.

HOW TO INTEGRATE THE CONTENT OBJECTIVE AND PROCESS OBJECTIVE IN THE EDUCATION OF SCIENCE

Process objective and content objective,the two important aspects of curriculum,should be integrated in teaching.It is both the reflection of scientific knowledge and the recognition of its method as a process in the education of science,and the needs of the time to develop students' creativity and the research strategies of general issues and the lesson that we can learn from the education of science.The ways of integration include: 1) to settle the process standard suited to content standard;2) to construct the textbook system combined with content and process;3) to set specific content and process goals and to create an atmosphere to elicit students' active participation and realization of the significance of knowledge;and 4) to set up a evaluation system in which equal attention is paid to result evaluation and process evaluation.