论古希腊规范思想对现代规范理论发展的影响

古希腊哲学中散见的规范思想是现代规范理论发展的源头,其特点在于把自然和事实看成规范好坏、正确与否的标准,不区分实然和应然。从现代哲学的角度来看,这是一种典型的自然主义倾向,这种倾向深深影响着现代规范理论的发展。现代西方规范理论研究不是表现出对这种"自然主义谬误"的反思和批判,要求严格区分"是"与"应当",就是坚守规范与社会现实相结合,规范来源于生活的原则,试图以一种新的方式,在更高的层次上实现规范理论研究向古希腊规范思想源头的回归。

Thoughts of Norms in Ancient Greece and its Impact on the Development of Modern Theories of Norms

Thoughts of norms scattered in philosophy of Ancient Greek is the source of modern theories of norms.Its characteristic is to put the nature and facts as the standard of evaluating good or bad,right or wrong,without distinguishing between being and ought.From the viewpoint of modern philosophy,this is a typical tendency of naturalism,which has deeply influenced the development of modern theories of norms.The modern western theories of norms are reflection and critique on the "naturalistic fallacy",strictly distinguishing between "being" and "ought";on the other hand,they adhere to the principle of combing norms with social reality,as the norms come from life,and try to,in a new way,realize the return to the source of ancient Greek at the higher level.