师范专业认证背景下小学教师职前培养实践课程体系问题审视与改进策略

当前专业认证已逐步在全国范围内推广,各师范类院校也以师范专业认证为目标指向进行教育教学改革,这一过程中存在三方面问题:一是实习基地名存实亡,出现挂牌现象;二是实践训练“放羊式”管理,缺乏课程化思维;三是实训师资短缺,兼课教师的教学系统性不强。该文强调以议题引领明确三阶段实习的目的性,增强实习环节的连贯性;从课程开设的角度使主题体验课程显性化,督促学生从宿舍走向实训场所;从双师教学团队出发,建立有效的奖励机制和问责机制,做到管理有调度、指导有效果、质量有保障。

Construction of the Practical Curriculum System for the Training of Primary School Teachers under the Background of Teacher Education Certification

At present,professional certification has been gradually promoted around the country,and teachers'colleges at all levels and various types also carry out education and teaching reform based on the goal of teacher education certification.In this process,there are some problems from the following three aspects:the practice bases"exist in name only",and they are not working effectively;the management of practice training is insufficient and there is a lack of curriculum thinking;there is a shortage of trainers,and part-time teachers'teaching is not systematic enough.This paper emphasizes the following aspects:clarifying the purpose of the three-step practice guided by topics and enhancing the continuity of practice links;making theme experience courses explicit from the perspective of the courses and encouraging students to go to practice fields;establishing an effective incentive and accountability mechanism to ensure scheduled management has,effective guidance,and guaranteed quality,from the perspective of the teaching team.