储油罐温度分布模拟研究

在石油储运过程中，石油中一部分较轻的组分常常逸人大气，发生油气蒸发损耗，造成损失。为了有效减少油罐内轻质油品的蒸发损耗，应严格控制油品温度及其变化。通过对油罐的几何特性的分析，在求解边界条件时充分考虑大气温度变化、油品初始温度以及油罐顶部对流条件等诸多影响因素的基础上，建立了轻油温度场三维非稳态热传导模型，并使用ANSYS有限元软件求解了该数学模型和对油罐内轻油温度场进行了模拟计算。以广东茂名地区某一油罐为例，设定每个季度为一个周期，模拟了该油罐一年内的轻油温度场，可以求解出在运行周期内某时刻轻油温度场的温度分布，也可以求解出油罐内任意点在整个运行周期中的温度变化情况。

The Simulation Study of Oil Tank Temperature Distribution

In the process of petroleum storage and transportation, as a result of technology, equipment and management or other reasons, a part of the lighter components of oil escaped into the atmosphere. Oil and gas evaporation loss happened, it caused losses. In order to reduce the evaporation loss of light oil in the dome - roof tank effectively, it should control the oil temperature and its variation strictly. So the oil temperature field of tank was simulated calculation. The heat conduction model which was three- dimensional unsteady of light- oiltemperature field was established through analysis geometry model of tank. What had been considered sufficiently in the boundary conditions were the atmospheric temperature, the initial temperature and the convection conditions at the top, and many other factors. The model wassolved by finite element method of ANSYS software. A tank in Guangdong Maoming as an example had been set each quarter for a cycle, the light oil temperature of that was simulated within a year. It could be solved temperature distribution in a moment of operation cycle;could also be calculated the temperature changes at any point in the tank during the running period.