郑观应"专利经营"建议及上海机器织布局的实践

上海机器织布局初期的发展并不顺利，主持人郑观应乃向北洋大臣李鸿章建议，为该企业提供十年的专利经营权，打算以此保护织布局的利益，以抗衡外国棉纺织品的输入，可惜事与愿违。学术界历来对此评价不一，但研究共同点，都主要集中于专利权是否有利于抗衡外国棉纺织品输入的讨论。至于专利权的合理性，以及对本土棉纺织业的影响，则较少注意。

The Proposal on Patented Management by Zheng Guanying and Practice from Shanghai Machine Weaving Bureau

The granting of a 10 years' monopoly by the Qing government in 1882 to The Shanghai Cotton Cloth Mill marks the beginning of the Machine Weaving Age in China. Li Hung-chang readily accepted the monopolistic right,which was proposed by Zheng Guanying,a leading innovationist of the time.It was significant in the industrial development of modern China for it denotes the government's determination in cultivating local machine weavers to counter imported cotton cloth.However,ever since the monopoly came in place or its expiration by 1892,the question on its effectiveness has sparked controversy amongst economists.Many economists praise its symbolic significance in industrial development but even more economists view the monopoly a barrier estopping potential participants from entering the industry and thereby actually slowing down if not curtailing the industrial development.The article is a critical review of the monopoly and its impact on Industrial China development from both economic as well as management perspective.