水上项目运动员与女大学生月经不调情况的比较研究

目的:分析了女性月经不调及其影响因素及训练可能对女性生理期造成的影响,确定研究目的为调查并分析水上项目运动员月经不调的状况及原因。方法:研究选择水上项目43名运动员、100名体育学院大学生和100名普通大学生为研究对象。采用文献综述法、专家访谈法、问卷调查法等多种方法,对被调查人群在月经不调的主要特征、伴随症状、以及月经经期的若干具体表现进行了调查,并对不同人群在不同调查因素上的表现进行了比较分析;同时研究调查分析了体院大学生与普通大学生在经期的运动状况,由此推测运动女性月经不调的可能原因。结论:(1)水上项目运动员在月经不调症状出现的频率、强度上均高于同年龄组的普通女性;(2)过强、过多的参与体育运动并不一定有助于女性调节月经期的生理状况,甚至可能造成负面影响;(3)对于需要进行大运动量训练,特别是水中训练的女性运动员,在经期要尽量避免进行大强度的水下训练。

Comparative Study of Water Project Athletes and Irregular Menstruation of Female College Students

aims：The research analyzed the irregular menstruation of females and the possible reasons. The research aimed at investigating and examining the situation and possible reasons of female water sports athletes. Methods：The research chose 43 athletes from water sports,100 students of normal universities and 100 of sport institutes as sub-jects. Literature analysis, expert interviews and questionnaire investigation were used to analyze the characters, symptoms,and features during menstruation. Group differences were sought and possible reasons which led to the differences between university students and athletes were studied. Findings：（ 1 ） Female water sports athletes suf-fered more on frequency and level in menstruation than same-year-old females without training experience;（2） Too often and exceeding involvement in sports may do harm to female’s health condition and cause irregular menstrua-tion;（3）For athletes,especially water sports female,high-level training during menstruation should be avoid if pos-sible.