补习教育的地域延展及其社会效应分析

当前,补习教育主要有非正式组织的家教和机构化的校外培训两种形式。它在全球迅速蔓延,从发达国家到发展中国家,从城市到乡村,都可以看到课外补习现象。它的规模存在地区间的差异,凸显了社会不平等状况。它具有社会复制和社会分层两大负面效应,是维护和加剧社会不平等的一个具体通道。虽然各国政府对补习教育的态度和政策响应各异,但在市场经济条件下,它的发展已不可阻挡,理应得到有效管理。

The Geographic Spread of Private Tutoring Education and Its Social Effects

The present supplemental education mainly includes two forms: informal private tutoring and institutional after-school tutoring.As we can see,it has become a global phenomenon spreading from the developed country to the developing country,from the city to the village.Its scale is different between areas indicating the uneven situation in different areas.It has the effects of social reproduction and the class divisions.It has become a path to maintain and increase inequality.Although various policy responses to shadow education have been made by different countries’ government,the development of shadow education cannot be prevented under the free-market economy condition,and it should be effectively regulated.