水稻同源四倍体杂种优势利用技术新体系的研究

运用遗传育种、细胞工程及分子生物学等技术手段对同源四倍体水稻开展了多方面的研究。取得成果如下:创制了同源四倍体水稻材料近1000份。选育出同源四倍体水稻雄性不育系6份、不育系材料46份;保持系22份、保持系材料100多份;恢复系28份、恢复系材料500多份;成功地实现了四倍体水稻杂种优势利用三系配套。培育出T462A×T4509等四倍体杂交稻新组合。三系及杂种的细胞学研究表明,其染色体数为48条,为二倍体水稻染色体数的2倍,证明是同源四倍体。并初步开展了分子生物学的研究。

Breakthrough in Hybrid rice Breeding with Autotetraploid

Rice is the leading crop in the world. To increase the yield of the rice is the main purpose for rice scientists. In the past decades, the success achieved in the development of hybrid rice was a technological innovation in rice production. But it has been carried out at the diploid level only. We try to utilize polyploidy, heterosis and biotechnology to exploit a new approach for super rice breeding. Up to now, a number of autotetraploid rice lines have been induced. Furthermore, restorer lines, male sterile lines and their maintainers of autotetraploid rice have been selected. It is the first time in the world that autotetraploid three parental lines were developed in rice. New hybrid combinations with potential of higher yield have been made. A new technology of system was made which has merit of heterosis and polyploidy.