中学生过剩适应的中日比较研究

修订中文版过剩适应量表并检验其信度和效度，比较中国和日本中学生的过剩适应特征。将日文原版过剩适应问卷进行编译后，对中日1588名中学生（656名中国初中生、932名日本初中生）进行跨文化比较。验证性因素分析显示数据与测量模型拟合度较好；五个分量表Cronbach’s α系数在0.60~0.80之间；量表具有较好的聚合效度。另外，差异检验表明，在过剩适应特征上，日本低年级的中学生“自我抑制”和“自卑感”得分较高，而中国的中学生“努力达成他人期望”和“顾虑他人”得分更高。结论:中文版过剩适应量表具有较好的信效度。过剩适应存在文化差异，日本的中学生更容易自我压抑，自卑感更强，而中国的中学生更容易听从周围人的意见，对他人期望的屈从度更高。因此对不同文化背景下的中学生过剩适应问题需要给予更多的关注。

WANG Xiao

Revise the Chinese version of Over-adaptation Scale and test its reliability and validity to compare the differences in over-adaptation tendencies between Chinese and Japanese junior school students. Compile the original Japanese version of Over-adaptation Scale, and test 1588 junior school students, of which 932 were Japanese students and 656 were Chinese students. Confirmatory Factor Analysis showed that the model fit well in with the data, with the Cronbach’s α coefficient for five subscales ranging from 0.60 to 0.80. The Fatalism Scale had a good criterion validity as well. Japanese lower-grade students scored higher on “self-restraint” and “self-insufficiency” while Chinese students scored higher on “living up to one’s expectations” and “solicitude for others”. Conclusion: The Chinese version of Over-adaptation Scale is a valid and reliable instrument. Significant differences in over-adaptation by Chinese and Japanese junior school students point to the need to understand the over-adaptation within a cultural context