探究教学的认知理论

本文选用多学科教学实例来说明教师如何运用探究教学的十种策略促使学生解决各种问题。在这一过程中,学生既学习知识领域的具体理论,又学习各种推理技能,包括构建假设、验证假设、提出预测、选择验证理论的合适的案例、提出反例和假设案例、区别必要条件和充分条件、考虑不同的假设、熟悉规则或理论可能的形式、知道提问的策略等。在某种意义上,探究法为学生展示了一个造就科学家的模拟过程。这种教学模式对学生的学习有特别的激励作用。

A Cognitive Theory for Inquiry Teaching

With muhi-discipline examples, this article demonstrates the application of the ten strategies to enhancing students in problem solving, which engages students in learning both specific theories and reasoning skills, including constructing and verifying hypotheses, making predictions, selecting appropriate cases for verifying theories, giving non-examples and assumptive cases, differentiating necessary and sufficient conditions, suggesting hypotheses, familiarizing possible forms of rules and theories, and knowing questioning strategies. The inquiry approach, which exhibits a simulated process of making a scientist, is of special stimulation to student learning.