一部反乌托邦寓言——《莫罗博士岛》中的认知危机刍议

《莫罗博士岛》是威尔斯科幻小说中一部重要的反乌托邦小说，小说中通过戏仿手法颠覆了鸟托邦想象，消解了宗教与科学理性的权威，证明宗教与科学理性所构想的乌托邦都不能解除人类的苦难、实现人类解放，反而因此陷入极权压迫乃至相互仇杀。通过阐释作者对理想未来的批判，认为小说深刻反映了维多利亚晚期因信仰危机而普遍存在的认知危机。

An Anti - utopian Fable-- On the Epistemological Crisis Reflected in An Island of Dr. Moreau

Among Wells＇ science fictions, An Island of Dr. Moreau is an essential anti - utopian one. The author subverts the utopian imaginations in a parodic way for the purpose of deconstructing the authority of both Christianity and science. In so doing, he proves that the utopian worlds constructed by both could neither free humans from pains nor achieve their liberation, ending up into despotic repression and degenerating war of fighting against each other. Through interpreting the author＇ s criticism of the ideal future, this paper contends that the novel reflects the widespread epistemological crisis in the late- Victorian era caused by the crisis of belief.