清代荆州城宾兴组织研究

“宾兴”一词最早发端于《周礼》，作为与古代科举渊源之深，交融之广的一个特殊术语，在宋代人的眼中甚至被视作为科举制的最早源头。“宾兴”的意义也在伴随着时间的推移悄然发生着重大的变化。进入科举时代后“宾兴”最初作为一种科举典礼而言，与乡饮酒礼结合在一起；到了明清时期，特别是清代，“宾兴”的内涵发生了巨大的变化，开始作为一种慈善性的助学助考形式，在全国各地普遍发展起来。荆州也正是基于这一形势的影响，其宾兴组织开始得以兴起和发展。

Study on Qing Dynasty Jingzhou City Bin Xing Organization

＂Bin Xing＂ was a word which first originated in Zhouli, as a wide special terminology with the ancient imperial origin deep, the integration, in the heart of the Song Dynasty people, ＂Bin Xing＂ was even regarded as the earliest source of imperial examination system. The meaning of ＂Bin Xing＂ had quietly placed significant changes with the passage of time. ＂Bin Xing＂ acted as a civil ceremony and connected with community drinking rituals in the early time ; in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, especially Qing Dynasty, the inner meaning of ＂Bin Xing＂ had changed so much, which began as a charitable assistance form to help the people who couldn＇ t afford to study or take part in the examination and generally developed widely in the country. Jing- zhou was also based on this situation, the ＂Bin Xing＂ organization began to rise and develop.