乌江干流总磷污染的严峻形势与环保对策

乌江干流中、下游多年来遭受严重的总磷(TP)污染。两个大型国有磷化工企业采用湿法工艺生产磷酸所产生的固体废渣磷石膏,长期堆放、积累数量巨大。磷石膏中的可溶性磷化物经雨水冲淋被带入附近的大、小支流,汇入乌江渡水库,并继而沿途向下游构皮滩、思林、沙沱等水库排放,造成乌江中、下游的全面TP污染,经水质取样化验,沿线水质为劣Ⅴ类。文中分析了TP污染的基本情况和危害,提出乌江干流TP污染的若干环保对策。

The Serious Situation of Total Phosphorous Pollution in Main Stream of Wujiang and Countermeasure for Environment Protection

The middle and lower reaches of Wujiang have been suffered with the serious total phosphorous pollution for many years.There are phosphorous plaster,a solid waste residue caused by two large state-owned phosphorous chemical enterprises with wet processing stacked for a long time with a huge accumulating quantity.With rain shower,the dissolved phosphide in phosphorous plaster have been brought into the nearby big and small branches,and they flow to Wujiangdu reservoir and discharge to Goupitan,Silin and Shatuo reservoirs of the lower reach and so on,causing an overall total phosphorous pollution of the middle and lower reaches of Wujiang.With a sampling test of water quality,the water quality along the line is of the inferior V type.This paper makes an analysis to the basic situation and harm of the total phosphorous pollution,putting forward a number of environment protection countermeasures for total phosphorous pollution in main stream of Wujiang.