Costs and financing of adult education: A case study of Shenzhen,China |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Education, Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong;2. College of Education, Michigan State University USA;1. Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510070, People’s Republic of China;2. College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510062, People’s Republic of China;1. Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University, United States;2. Division of Population Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, United States;3. University of Massachusetts Medical School, United States;4. Moffitt Cancer Center, United States;5. University of California, San Francisco Department of Medicine, United States;6. The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, United States;1. Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China;2. Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China;3. Respiratory Department, The Bishan Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing 402760, PR China;4. Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China;1. University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom;2. Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil;1. School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 382 030, Gujarat, India;2. Department of Botany, Patna Science College, Patna University, Patna, 800 005, Bihar, India;3. School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110 067, India;4. Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, 221 305, Uttar Pradesh, India |
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| Abstract: | Analyses of costs and financing are a neglected area in the literature on adult education and training (AET). This paper presents a study of the costs and financing of AET in Shenzhen, a high-growth and fast-changing area in China. Based on a survey of trainees, and administrators, as well as interviews with administrators, managers, and trainees from three different types of AET centers in Shenzhen, the study addressed three research questions: What are the costs of AET? How are resources utilized in AET centers? How is AET financed in a fastchanging area? The study demonstrates some of the methodological difficulties in cost estimation; it provides preliminary evidence of the existence of economies of scale in the operation of AET; and it finds that enterprises and trainees are the major financial sources and that the government has a very limited financing role. The implications of the findings for policy analysis in AET are discussed. |
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