北京市成年人身体机能状况的调查研究

本文通过对北京市成年人体质测试,进行人体机能分析研究。测试对象为北京市市民,男子18至59岁,女子18至54岁,男子共3806人,女子共3568人。对测试中的机能指标——脉搏、血压、肺活量、台阶指数进行了分析,脉搏、肺活量和肺活量/体重的变化是随年龄的增长而下降,下降过程有起伏;收缩压、舒张压和台阶指数的变化是随年龄的增长而上升,上升过程中有起伏。这些指标的变化规律有阶段性,以下降的幅度、速度和T检验的结果划分为31～35岁,41～45岁,51～55岁3个阶段,不同指标各阶段下降情况与锻炼身体有很大关系。成年人18～20岁组与1985年中学生(18岁组)进行比较,发现成年人18～20岁的指标结果与中学生差异很大,成年人18～20岁组的机能状况不如18岁组的中学生。

Investigation of the Physical Functions of Beijing Adults

Physical functions of Beijing adults were investigated and analyzed in this pa-per. 3806 males from 18 to 59 and 3568 females from 18 to 54 years of age were the sub-jects. Six items including pulse, diastole pressure, systole pressure, vital capacity/weightand steps index were tested and analyzed. Conclusions were that pulse, vital capacity andvital capacity/weighn descended with age increasing while diastole pressure, systolepressure and steps index rose with age increasing. The changes of the indexes were regu-larly and could be divided into three stages at the ages of 31 to 35, 40 to 45 and 51 to 55according to the changing range and speed and the t-test results. Analysis showed thatphysical functions had close relationship with physical exercises. It was also showed thatthe physical functions of students (data obtained in 1985 for 18 years of age group) were better than that of adults of similar ages (18-20 year of age) and the differences were ob-vious.