论创业权的权利属性、规范建构及其国家义务

创业是具有时代意义的法律活动,其不仅需要国家政策上的扶持,也要求保障公民创业权的实现。在权利属性上,通过分析就业权、工作权和劳动权等与创业权相似的权利类型,可知其具有积极权利和消极权利的双重属性。在权利构成上,借鉴阿列克西的三要素权利构成理论,对创业权的主体、客体和义务对象等进行规范建构。在保障路径上,根据创业权的双重属性和义务对象,运用国家义务理论,理清保障其实现的国家尊重、保护和给付义务。在实现形式上,制定《创业促进法》,以突破创业权保障在法律形式上的瓶颈。

On the right attribute,norm construction and state obligations of entrepreneurial right

As it is a legal activity with the significance of time,entrepreneurship not only needs support of national policy,but it also requires that the realization of civil entrepreneurship right be protected.Specifically,for right attribute,by analyzing types of right that similar to entrepreneurship right such as employment right,working right and labor right,etc.,the double attributes of positive rights and negative rights of entrepreneurship right could be understood.For constitution of right,by applying Robert Alex’s three elements theory of right construction,it normatively constructs these aspects as subject,object and the object of obligation,etc..On protection ways and means,based on the dual attribute and object of obligation of entrepreneurship right,and applying the theory of national obligation,it straightens such aspects concerning protecting the realization of entrepreneurship right as obligations to state respect,obligations to protect and obligations to pay.For realizing forms,it formulates Entrepreneurship Promotion Law,so as to break the“bottle neck”of legal form of entrepreneurship right.