张绍曾与西盟会议简

张绍曾是中国近代史上重要的人物，是具有广泛影响的爱国将领和民主革命家。辛亥革命时期，张绍曾率先响应孙中山先生号召，发动了“滦州兵谏”和“滦州起义”，沉重打击了清王朝。辛亥革命后，沙俄企图唆使外蒙独立，招降内蒙各盟旗。为平息叛乱，1912年张绍曾被任命为绥远将军，并主持召开西盟会议，揭露沙俄的侵略行径，利用群人智慧，平等对待蒙古王公，宣传五族共和的思想，团结西盟军民，为维护国家统一作出了重要贡献。

Zhang Shaozeng and the Western Union Conference

Zhang Shaozeng, as a patriotic general and democratic revolutionary with broad influence, is an important figure in modern Chinese history. During the Revolution of 1911, he was first to respond to the call of Sun Yat-sen, launching the ＂Luanzhou soldiers remonstrance＂ and ＂Luanzhou Uprising＂ to ac- celerate the demise of the Qing dynasty. After the Revolution, Russia attempted to instigate the independ- ence of Outer Mongolia and the surrender of all Mengqi of Inner Mongolia. To quell the rebellion, in 1912 he was appointed general of Suiyuan, and hosted Western Union conference, exposing Russia＇s aggres- sion. By using group wisdom, he made important contribution to safeguard national unity through policies of equal treatment with Mongol princes, publicizing the idea of five republican races and uniting Western Union troops and people.