创造性想象和推理的脑电特征及其在教育中的应用

创造性思维的心理发展特点,包括情感化的表象体验,认知性的概象推理和综合性的意象思维三大内容。其中,表象体验属于枕顶颞叶感性建构阶段,概象推理属于联络皮层知性建构阶段,意象思维属于前额叶新皮层理性建构阶段。这三个阶段同人的少年时期、青年时期和成年时期相对应。对90个当代青少年样本的想象与推理的大脑诱发电位观测表明。实验组的感觉皮层—联络皮层—前额叶新皮层的认知电位波幅均显著高于对照组,认知电位的潜伏期也短于后者;且大脑右半球的电位特征比左半球更明显。这说明,应当在青少年早期大力强化其表象体验和感性塑造活动,在中期锐化其概象耦合(想象式推理)与知性建构活动,在后期强化其意象统摄性全息思维与理性修养活动,以发展青少年的情、知、意与创造性思维素质。

Brain Wave Characteristics in Creative Imagination and Reasoning and Their Application in Education

The characteristics of the psychological development of creative thinking include the emotionalized appearance feeling, cognitive concept reasoning and comprehensive image thinking. The three stages correspond to the childhood stage, teenage stage and grown-up stage of human beings. The members of the study team have tested 90 young people of their inspiring brain wave potentials when having imagination and reasoning. The results show that the amplitude of the cognitive potential of the experiment group is much higher than that of the contrast group, the incubation period of the cognitive potential of the former is shorter than that of the latter, the potential characteristics of the right hemispheroid is more apparent than those of the left one. This reminds us that the appearance feeling and perceptual molding activities must be strengthened in the early teenage stage, the imaginative reasoning and cognitive structural activities should be sharpened in the middle teenage stage, and the comprehensive holographic thinking and reasoning activities should be reinforced in the late teenage stage so as to develop teenagers' emotionalized cognitive capacity and creative thinking ability.