关于大系统优化理论和方法的探讨

提出了一种具有普遍意义的分解协调方法；给出了子系统优化导致大系统优化的充分性条件．

EXPLORATION ON OPTIMAL THEORY AND METHODS OF LARGE SCALE SYSTEMS

In engineering optimal design,almost every optimal method is aimed at concrete structure,but in fact,many construction projects are large scale systems composed of subsystems or structure which are closely interconnected and intermingled.The traditional optimal methods are difficult to be applied to these large scale systems.The optimal theory of large scale system or structure has developed since it was posed in 1980's,but it deals with mathematics for given system models and special structures. Several direct methods of optimization on large scale system are summarized,and decomposition coordination,a new method in general cases in posed.A sufficient condition on optimization for a large scale system by optimization for its subsystems is derived. Direct method consists of dual method,penalty method,equivalent constraint method and objective programming.This method doesn't make full use of characters of successive order according to level and independence between subsystems.We can use parallel computers to optimize these subsystems at the same time if we decompose a large scale system into subsystems according to horizontal and vertical orientations,forming a successive order structure,whose information exchanging is completed by up and down subsystem,but not done between subsystems at the same level.Two applications are introduced in this paper for the optimal price or building problem in soil engineering project and shape optimal design problem for engineering structure.