高职学生的技术素养结构及培养路径

技术能够推动人类文明的繁荣和社会经济的发展,技术素养更是技能型人才应对工作挑战的必备素养。在技术和素养内涵分析的基础上把技术素养分为技术知识与能力、技术思维与技术精神三层结构,并提出高职学生应具有的技术素养,即工作情境知识、工作方法知识、工具设备知识、技术设计能力、技术物化能力,系统思维、工程思维以及工匠精神。依据高职学生技术素养三个维度提出高职学生技术素养的培养路径,即:融入问题情境,培养学生发现问题的能力;剖析现实案例,促进学生知识结构的生成;设计可能性方案,提高学生的技术创新能力;鼓励动手实践,提升学生的技术素养;引导学生回顾反思,强化学生的技术精神。

Technical Literacy Structure and Training Path of Higher Vocational College Students

Technology can promote the prosperity of human civilization and the development of social economy.Technical literacy is a necessary literacy for skilled talents to adapt to the challenges of the technology era. Based on the analysis of the connotation of technology and literacy, this paper puts forward that technical literacy is divided into three layers: technical knowledge and ability, technical thinking and technical spirit, and puts forward the technical literacy that higher vocational college students should have, namely, working situation knowledge, working method knowledge, tool and equipment knowledge, technical design ability, technical materialization ability, system thinking, engineering thinking and craftsman spirit. According to the three dimensions of higher vocational college students’ technical literacy, this paper puts forward the training path of higher vocational college students’ technical literacy, that is, integrating into the problem situation and cultivate students’ ability to find problems;analyzing practical cases to promote the generation of students’ knowledge structure;designing possibility scheme to improve students’ technological innovation ability;encouraging hands-on practice and improve students’ technical literacy;guiding students to review and reflect and strengthen students’ technical spirit.