论古代希腊罗马的权力制衡思想

西方权力制衡理论的萌芽可追溯到柏拉图,亚里士多德继承柏拉图的思想并提出不同阶级通过参与城邦政治,其利益都能在城邦政治结构中得到体现和在不同政治机构中实行不同的政治原则的混合政体思想。在此基础上,古代罗马的波里比阿又提出将三种政体的优点集中在一起,使各种政治要素调整为一种和谐、平衡状态的政体思想。

On the Thoughts of Power Check and Balance in Ancient Greece and Roman

The sprout of the power check and balance theories in the West first can trace back to Plato,then Aristotle inherit the thought of Plato,and put forward one kind of principle of "mixed political system",which include two basic meaning: first,in that political system,different ranks can get its benefits which can be reflected in the city political structure and get a certain degree and part of satisfaction by participating the city politics,the other is the principle of the mixed political system that there is different political principle in different political organization.On the base of this,Polybius who belong to the acient Rome,put forward another kind of political system thought again which put three kinds of normal political systems together to make various political element become harmony and balanceable.